Extracting apparatus



2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PIIIIIIIIIIII Aug. 23, 1921.

J. B. IENSON.

EXTRACTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE s. 1918.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Jdemorr W/T/VESSES l wiwi I. B. .IENSON.

EXTRACTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8.1918.

1,388,718. Patendgug. 23, 1921'.

2 FZjSHETs-SHEETZ.

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To all wltomlit may concern: p

Be it known that I, JAMES` B. JnNsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Salt Lake City, in,v the ,county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented. a new and Improved Extracting A paratus, of which the following is a full, c ear, and exact description.

,gMy invention relates to an eductionl fur.

nace or a paratus for extracting volatile and bstances from solids and more particularly oil from oil shale and sand, or the like. An object of the invention 1s to pro vide a simple and inexpensive apparatus whereb the recovery can be accomplished in an e cient manner.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus whereby fractional recovery may be accomplished. A still further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus formed in sections or independent units connected in series so that the size and capacity of the apparatus can be easily varied by increasing or decreasing the number of umts.

With the above and other objects in view, the nature of which will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel construction., combination and arrangement of parts as herein fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part 4of the application, similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views:

Figure 1 is a vertical,A lon itudinal section through an apparatus embo ying my inven tion;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation; and

Fi 3 is a cross section on line 3-3, Fig. 1.

le errin to the drawings, 5--5 are the housin .o the units which are in the shape of an eldngated cylinder of suitable material so that heat can be applied to the same. Each housing is provided with an inlet head b at one end and an outlet head 7 at the opposite end. These housings are disposed one above-the other with their axes substan tially parallel. The outlet head of the preceding unit is in communication with the inlet head of the succeeding unit, therefore, the alternate units of the apparatus are disposed in a like manner. The inlet head of the first unit is connected to a suitable conduit 8 throu h which the material to be treated is fed. gl'he outlet head of the last Each of the units has'a plurality specication of Letters' Patent.' Patnted Allg'. 23, 1921.

unit is also connectedjtoa conduit 9 through which the .material treated is discharged.

of spaced which are preferably located art of the housin th t steam can be slip g so a e purpose of using steam and discharg-y ing the same under partof each housing or conduit is to'obtain partial disintegration of the material to be retorted, and. re uires a complete emulsion of the material in steam,v kept under pressure, that it may reach al1 particles, agitation or movement of particles, either continuously or intermittently as the particular material may r uire, to expedite extraction, to produce c terial. and to prevent in part destructive distillation, to give uniformity in temperature throughout the mass, and as a preventative for the formation of dry dust and dangerously explosive gases during o eration.

Each of the housings is provide with a conveyor l2 the bearin s for which are provided in the inlet andg outlet heads of the houslng. Suitable stuffing boxes .13 are rovided in the heads to prevent leaka e a the bearings of the conveyer. The earings are so formed that the conveyers have a clearance from the top of the housings, so that a gas chamber can be easily formed within the housing. Each of the chambers has an outlet conduit 14 which are connected to a, condenser l5 Where the volatilizing substance is collected.

The outlet heads 7 of each housingare restricted in cross section and the conveyers are concentric therewith and eccentric with the housings. The conveyers terminate at the heads so that their ends are a distance from the discharge openings of said heads so that the movement of the material by the conveyer of the housing is resisted at the outlet heads so that the communication between the two adjacent units is normally packed and the gases generated in the succeeding unit are prevented from passing into the preceding unit by the material packed in the communicating passage by the con veyer.

The outlet heads 7 serve as constrictors for the purpose of massing the material and filling the entire housing or cylinder with the crushed material for the urpose of preventing gases from passing om one cy1inpressure in the bottomemical action on the mai plied to each of the housf.v `ingshthrough a suitable conduit 11.

ong

ya constrictor-is placed between such tended to produce the gli der to the other and the hotter` gases rising to the upper cylinder which 1s to be kept the coolest. It consists of a casting or obstruction of smaller diameter than the regular cylinder extended from the discharge end of the conveyer to compel the latter to force the material onward by pressure. This results in the wadding or packing-up of the material within the outletheads beyond the conveyer ends and if it is desired to draw the gases from each cylinder separately,` then the constrictor is placed at the discharge end of each cylinder.. If gas is to be drawn from a group of'cylinders, then of cylinders. In the eduction of oi from shale or sand, the constrictor is placed between such groups of c lnders as are inerent grades of oil and during` the heatin rocess, the tortuous formation of ilues pr uced by the brickwork 16 ives a counterflow as distinction from the irection of movement of the material during treatment.

The heat may be supplied to the material within the housings interiorly or exteriorly.

As `shown the superimposing units are mounted in a suitable brick work 16 which is provided with a-furnace 17 and a smokestack 18. The heat in this case is, therefore, supplied: exteriorly. Material entering the firsthousing is fed toward the outlet end by the rotation of its conve er. Steam is injected into the housing w ich comes in contact with the mass fed and stirred by the conveyer `and facilitates the agitation of the material.' The heat supplied to the housing facilitates the separation of the volatilel matter from the mass which is digested bythe steam. The material passing from the first cylinder to the second 'passes through thev same cycle and in view of the fact that the inlet end of the first cylinder is 1n proximity to the outlet end of the .second cylinder the material is advanced by the conveyer in a direction opposite, or, in other words, the conveyer in the secondl housing revolves in an opposite direction, all of the conveyers bei actuated from a suitable transmission mec anism 19. Where fractional distillation is desirable, each of the housings will have its conduit 14 connected to a se arate condenser. If desired, each of the ousings may be in- -clined slightly toward its outlet end tofacili- .tate the movement of the material in the housing.

When the material reachesthe outlet head of the last housing, most of its volatile material has been extracted. By providin stuiin boxes in the heads, the recovery o the vo atile matter may be carried out under high-pressure, which pressure could be that supplied by the steam used for facilitating groups Y described, il plurality o the recovery of the volatile matter'from the solids fed through the apparatus.

One of the important features of this apparatus is; the fact that I take the material in` at a point of low temperature and bring it up to higher temperature b stages thereb Creatin an eduction of the lighter oils suc i as benzin, toluoll, gasolene, etc., without destruction of the molecules and it is to obtain this feature as well as that of handling by gravity that the apparatus is constructed as it is, as well, also, as utilizing every particle ofl heat by absorptionas it rises from one cylinder to another. These are features which are not obtained by any other apparatus and which make it possible .for me to get a complete extraction of oils from o il shale in from one and one-half to two hours that requires as much as twenty hours by other apparatus.

I claim:

1. In an extracting apparatus of the class superimposed units each comprising an elongated cylindrical housin disposed with its axis in a substantially orizontal position, an inlet head at one end of each of the housings, an outlet head at the. other end of each housing, said outlet heads bein of restricted cross section, the adjacent units having their inlet and outlet heads in communication, a screw conveyer revolubly mounted in each of said units to feed the material from the inlet toward the outlet heads, each conve er having its end a distance from the disc arge of the outlet head each of said housings having spaced inlets for steam and an outlet for vapor, and means for supplying heat to said housings. A

2. In lan extracting apparatus of the class described, a 'plurality' o superimposed units each comprisin an elongated cylindrical housin dispose with its axis in, a substantially orizontal position, an inlet head at one end of each of the housings, an outlet head at the other end of each housing, said outlet heads being of restricted cross section and disposed so as to be eccentric with the housing the ad'acent units havin their inlet and outlet hea -in communication, a screw conveyer revolubly mounted in each of said units so as to be eccentric with the housing and concentric with the outlet head whereby a clearance is formed between the conveyer and the upper side of the unit, the conveyer having its end a distance from the discharge of theoutlet head each of said housings having spacedinlets for steam in the lower part of: the housi and an inlet for vapor in the upper part o the housing, and means for supplXing heat to said housings.

3. n extracting apparatus of the class described, comprising a furnace, a plurality of horizontal cylinders mounted in the furnace, one above the other, each cylinder being provided With/an inlet and outlet head outside of the furnace, the outlet heads being of restricted cross section, the adjacent cylinders having their inlet and outletheads in communication, avertical conduit for feeding the material to one end of the uppermost cylinder, a revoluble screw mounted ecccntrically in each cylinder to form a gas chamber in the upper' part of the cylnder, the screw having its blades terminating a distance from the discharge of the outlet head, a condenser, a pipe leading from the top of each cylinder and connected v vith the condenser, and steam inlets opening into the lower portion of each of the cylinders.

4;. In an extracting apparatus of the class described, a plurality of superimposed units, each comprising an elongated housing disposed with its axis in a substantially horizontal position, an inlet head at one end ot each of the housings, an outlet head at the other end of each housing, certain of said outlet heads being of restricted cross section, a feeding means mounted in each of said units to feed the material from the inlet toward the outlet heads and terminating at a spaced distance from the discharged openings of said outlet heads.

5. In an extracting apparatus or eduction furnace for oil shale and the like, a plurality of superimposed units each comprising an elongated housing disposed with its axis in a substantially horizontal plane, the outlet of one housing` discharging into the inlet ot the housing therebeneath, feeding means revolubly mounted in each ot said units to feed the material from the inlet toward the outlet, certain of said feeding means terminating at a spaced distance from the discharge ends of said housings or units, as and for the purposes speeied.

6. In an extracting apparatus'of the class described, a plurality of interconnected superimposed units, each unit being in the shape of an elongated completely closed cylinder, means for supplying heat to said units, a 4revolving conveyer in each of the units mounted eccentrically4 therein at the bottom so that a clearance space is formed between the conveyor and the upper side of the unit.y and means to cause obstruction of the passage of material at the discharge end ot' each unit.

7. In an extracting apparatus of the class described,- a plurality ol. interconnected superimposed units, each unit being in the shape of an elongated cylinder open at the ends thereof and closed throughout its lateral Wall, means for supplying steam under pressure directly to the material therein. means for supplying heat externally to said units, feeding means mounted in each unit or cylinder, and means at the discharge end oi each unit or cylinder to cause the material to Wad or pack therein, in a manner and substantially for the purposes specied.

8. In an extracting apparatus of the class described, an elongated cylindrical housing, an inlet head at one end, an outlet head at the other end having a discharge pipe, said outlet head being of restricted cross section and eccentric with the housing and a screw conveyer revolubly mounted in the housing so that the same is concentric with the outlet head and eccentric with the housing, said conveyer terminating at said outlet head spaced from said discharge pipe.

JAMES B. JENSON. 

